Minimal Spanning Trees

Our society is linked to networks such as instagram, telephones, television, roads, bodies of water and even schools. If each of these connections weren't efficient, our world wouldn't be as simple as it is today. Time will be lost and a lot of things will be a lot more time consuming. The way our society is linked allows to save time and energy, making our world easier by making us use less of what we need to and saving us time and effort. Things like electricity, money and water are hings that we save by having these networks.

It took me at least 9 connections to connect the 10 computers.

If there were n number of computers, I have to use n-1 wires.\

Computer Lab MST

The strategy I used to solve this problem was to connect the shortest routes. That way I can use the minimal amount of spanned trees.

Sorting Algorithms

The places/things that are sorting out or organized are like libraries, deck a cards, malls, kitchen, supermarket and etc. If these weren't in order everything will be all over the place and not organized.

Sorting Eight shades of gray

The way I sorting this out is that I mixed them all up and line them up. After that I flipped two cards at a time and see which one was lighter than the other and put them in order. The minimum I made to sort them out was 8 comparisons because I kept having to compare each one which took time and having to put them in order.

Discussion 

The least times it took me to sort was 16 to compare it.

Sorting research 

 Merge sort- Used for processing large amounts of data.

Insertion sort- Used for worse case over sequence.

Linear and Binary Search Algorithms

It takes 6 digits to represent the number 32 in binary

2^nth

Linear search is different from binary because linear makes you go one by one and binary allows you to be able to save time by going through sections at a time and halving your search, eliminating many parts at once. Linear would be better when something you're looking for isn't in order or when it's int the beginning of the list.

Intro to Binary

With my ten fingers, I can count to an infinite amount because I can reuse them.

Link to Binary WS

My birthday Binary: October 18th - 01010/10010

Binary numbers are fundamental to computer science because they are what make a computer. Whether its a phone, laptop or calculator, computers all have switches that are coded with binary numbers. Without them, you would't be able to have your computer process any information and understand it. They are essential to computing and without it, there would not be any computers or Morse code.

Depicted Message: "Help im trapped"

Cornrow Curves

Cornrows are a type of hair braid. They look like rows of corn. They do have a history, and it involves ancient Africans from around 500 B.C, around the time the Roman empire began. It shows the close attention that Africans have always paid to hair. Religion, kinship, status, age, ethnicity, and other attributes of identity can all be expressed in their hairstyle. Math is quite common in African culture with all their patterns, especially in hair. Those who worked in the plantation were required to keep a neat image for themselves. So, they would use cornrows as a way to keep a good appearance. It was also a way for blacks to unite by making their hair similar. During the civil rights era, cornrows were seen as survivors of the African tradition. During the 1970's, as Hip Hop became popular, cornrows worked hand and hand with it and was also popular. 

• Hip Hop Hair
• During the 1990s, several well-known celebrities, like Allen Iverson, Ludacris, and Lil' Bow Wow, were known for wearing cornrows.
• The complex geometric shapes that donned cornrow wearers, went on to further prove that math was just as important to the African heritage as was Black hair itself.

Design Tool Tutorial:

• Iteration
• Adding plaits to the original plait.
• Dilation
• Increasing or decreasing the size of the plaits.
• Question: Let's say the original plait is 1" wide, and let's make this first iteration 50% of the original size. How wide is the first iteration plait?
• Answer: The plait will be 0.5" wide.
• Translation
• Increasing or decreasing the distance between the plaits.
• Question: Let's say that the original plait is 1" wide, and let's make this first iteration translate 75% of the width of the original plait. How far away will the first iteration plait be from the original plait?
• Answer: The first iteration plait will be 0.75" away from the original.
• Rotation
• Changing the degree of the angle of which the new plait is being oriented.
• Question: Let's say we rotate the plaits 15 degrees in each iteration. The original plait is not rotated at all, so we will call that 0 degrees. The first iteration is rotated 15 degrees, and the second 30 degrees. How many degrees will the third plait be rotated?
• Answer: The third plait will be rotated 45 degrees.
• Reflection
• Making a copy that is a mirror image of the original.

1. Understand - I understood the tutorial
2. Plan - I planned out which hair design I'll do
3. Test - I tested out how the program worked
4. Reflect -  I reflected on the image I tried to copy and compared to see any errors

The mathematical concepts used involved some concepts in geometry such as reflections on the x and y axis as well as dilation, rotations and translations. I used simple addition and subtraction to properly adjust the patterns.

Handshakes and Fenceposts

What are the four steps of the problem solving process that we used in the previous lesson?

The four steps of problem solving that we used in the previous lesson were to understand, plan, test and reflect.
#1) If there are 20 people in the room, you will shake 19 of them. If there are N number of people, the number of hands you will shake is (n-1).
#2) If the side of the fence is 12 yards long, there will be 13 fence posts. Where the fence is N yards long, the number of fence posts needed will be (n+1)
As I worked with my group, my strategies charged by incorporating more ideas of how to manipulate apparent patterns. I used more practical and logical problem steps to solve solutions.
Yes, a computer can use my solution. It is definite and can be used in a calculator.

Answer- (n-1)n/2

Presentation to Problem Solving Process

The Four Steps of Problem Solving

I don't necessarily enjoy solving problems. They aren't beneficial to me. Unless I'm helping myself by doing so, I do not like enjoying problems. If you don;t need to fix them, why stress about it. Other problems that are being solved can be unnecessary and a waste of time because you are not benefiting from it. It may sound selfish but that is how I feel about solving problems. Problems should only be solved if they are affecting you in any way.
I think it will take about 0 breaks to break the bar into 12 equal pieces. The bar already contains 12 equal pieces so there is no need to break them. If the question was more specific, I would have said 11 breaks.
The solution I chose to figure this out was to act it out.
The answer to how many when given "n' number is (n-1). The last piece doesn't need to be broken because it's already alone when you get to it.

This problem is important for a carpenter because they need to know how to make their constructions symmetrical and equal. A chef to know how to evenly divide their portions, and a teacher to understand how to pass the concept on to their students. This  kind of problem is the same to one you'd solve in real life because it reflects the same thought process and problem solving strategies you'll use to solve a problem in real time.

Intro to Problem Solving

Whenever you're on a social network, you can be identified without even having your email or username even being shared. This shows that when you're on the internet, you can tracked down no matter what. While the internet may seem safe and secure, all the information you give remains whether you know it or not.
Communications and Data Methods Chart:
The data available is personal thoughts and information. The people who have access to this data are those who have the link. However, I'm pretty sure that the link can be found by other means and unknown people can view my work. Regrets that I have are that I shouldn't be putting sensitive data on the internet as it can always be traced and seen.
Data Reflection:
Google collects an endless amount of data on you all the time. They can do what they want with it and not a lot of people even realize this or what can really be done with all this data. This isn't safe and something needs to be done about this. The internet is an ever-changing world where data is constantly being shared. For sites to collect so much data on individuals is outrageous and people should be worried. Pictures, videos, documents and much more is in control of Google and many other sites that internet users use for entertainment, social media or web surfing. Smart TVs are also in issue as well. They are just like the internet, but just smaller and more related to television, although this may not always be the case.
Transit Data: Link to Transit Data

Presentation: Link to Community Problem Presentation

Directions

I've seen directions and instructions everywhere. Directions and instructions come from anywhere like your job, GPS device and even goals you've set for yourself. Everything in the world has some type of order. Without order you cannot be organized and in turn, you cannot properly get where you want to be. This is why everything in life has directions and instructions. Think about it. If you have a job to do, you;re abiding by the rules and instructions to keep your job and improve it. When you use your GPS, you follow the directions it gives you in order to arrive at your destination. When setting a goal for yourself, you follow your own set of instructions and directions. These are all examples of where they come from and how they're so apparent in everyday life.

1) Take out the peanut butter jar, Jelly jar, butter Knife, a plate, and a loaf of bread and set it on the table.

2) Next take 2 slices of bread out and set it on the plate.

3) Open the jar of Peanut butter and Take the butter knife and scoop a little bit of Peanut of butter and spread it evenly on one side of the slice bread.

4) Then wash off the peanut butter off the knife in the sink till its fully clean.

5) Then open the Jelly Jar and scoop a little bit of jelly and spread it evenly on one side of the other slice of bread.

6) Put the 2 slices of bread together and eat.

7) then close both of the jars of peanut butter and jelly and put all the items away.

Discussion

The directions that people forgot to mention was to make sure you spreading the peanut butter and jelly on one side of the slice bread not both. It's important to be specific with directions because depending on your saying people might take it literally. The role the human interpretation has in directions is that we have more common sense so when someone says "clean the spoon" we know to wash it in the sick instead of being literal and clean some where else.

Reflection

The importance of specific instructions are that they keep life in sync or in check. Without them, we wouldn't be able to keep any order and everything will become chaos. With instructions, you can get things done accurately and leave less room for errors, if any. When given specific directions, you also need to realize that there may be some kind of errors present.  If you can spot these errors, they will make it easier for you to follow them and understand what was meant. An example of thus is when you're following cooking directions Computers follow directions differently than humans because computers are not built with common sense like humans are, causing them to take things with literal meaning rather than using the sense of complex understanding and reasoning that humans have.

What is Intelligence?

Intelligence is how well you can comprehend, learn and analyze the world around you. Everyone is intelligent in their own way. One person can be good at understanding cars, yet one can be good at thinking of pictures to paint. Intelligence is potential. Computers are intelligent, they can learn from experience and command. They can do things they weren't made to do because of their ability to adapt. That is also intelligence.
Who is Katy Perry? What color is the sun? What does a cat drink? You want to know if you are talking to a computer or a human when you are submitting sensitive information digitally. If you are talking to another computer, then most likely your information will be compromised.
The chatterbots that was the most realistic was Fake Kirk. He took what you said and created conversation. The level of intelligence required to adapt to your words must have been very high. I enjoyed how the bot comprehended my words and responses to create their own ideas.
20Q is not very intelligent. While it does have some form of prediction and learning skills, it cannot make complex connections, therefore the game cannot accurately predict what you're thinking or talking about. No, 20Q wouldn't pass the Turing test. Its intelligence isn't dynamic enough.
A time where one computer might want to know if it is talking to another computer or not is when you are submitting or requesting information. An example of this is when the computer gives you a word verification to answer. Based on this, a correct answer can determine if a computer is talking or a human is.

Visualizing Data

Visual patterns are everywhere. They are always in every aspect of your life no matter what. The symmetrical design of everything in your daily routine is a visual pattern. Buildings, grasslands, cornfields and other landscapes are examples of visual designs. Clothing, blankets and dishes are others. Everything has a pattern, whether it be naturally or artificially made. Even in a different sense with quantitative data, numbers can reveal visual pattern. An example is this would be the weather in the winter going into the spring, you can tell the weather is steadily increasing.

Presentation

Telling a Story with Data

When I hear the word data, I think about stats and other forms of factual information. Official documents and logs of recorded info are what I think about when I hear the word data. Seismographs,  lie detectors and electricity bills are examples of this. Data can be found relatively anywhere. Anywhere an event is recorded is a source of data. Data comes from logged sources where the data is kept. These are usually privacy sensitive places. This includes places such as hospitals, givernment buildings, schools and even your home.

Objects in Picture:
Trophy
Books (Approx. 60)
Toy Soldiers (3)
Picture frame
Lava lamp
Poster (7)
Paintings (2)
Calendar
Globe
Violin
Fish bowl w/ fish
Stereo speaker
Hamburger
Sandwich
Slice of pizza
Television set
PlayStation 2 system
iPod, headphones
Guitar
Potato chips
Laptop
Can of soda
Shoe
Boy
Radio
CD's
Phone
Cups
Toys
Nintendo DS
Controller
Window with city background
Glasses
Pen

The data in the picture tells me that the person that lives in this room is very social and enjoys reading books, listening to music, playing video games and playing with toys. The child boy can be seen playing the guitar, listening to his iPod. Another that can be said from the picture is that the child is very disorganized and messy. There is pizza and other things that shouldn't be on the floor, on the floor, right in front of the boy. He is a rebel and doesn't listen to his parents, he is spoiled. There is an endless amount of assumptions or conclusions that can be made from this picture so I will stop now.

In my opinion, most of the items in this room are related to entertainment. Books, games, toys, television, instruments and music are all forms of entertainment.

There are 3 toy soldiers.

Yes, there are advantages to different forms of representation. One representation can provide one meaning while the other can show a new perspective of the same situation.

Any representation that's different from the previous one will always tell a different story. Imagine two different people telling the same exact story, no matter what, it will be presented differently no matter how hard each individual tries to make them the same. The source is different so the story will also be.

The drawing came first. Without the imagination of the objects, there would be no way to list the objects. The list could have came first but you can tell it didn't because of the way the objects are drawn, they are not cluttered like the artist was pressured to gather all the objects onto the page.

Communications and Data Chart

Computers for Communication

Computer Communication Mechanism

• E-mail
• Facebook
• Twitter
• AOL instant messenger
• Kik Messenger 
• iMessage
• Instagram 
• Google Plus
• Youtube
• IRC
• Tumblr
• Snapchat
• BBM
• Vine
• VOIP

My Document//Privacy Presentation

Technology has recently changed the way we communicate by allowing humans to share their words very quick and easily without having to stress through the hassle of having to physically send your messages. Before you had to actually have a gathering to get your word out. Now, you can share your opinion by sending a simple email within minutes. It's a phenomenon that we are able to do this. Without it, we wouldn't have progressed as far as we gave today, especially in the time that has passed.

However, it affected our privacy negatively. Just about everything you put on the internet, which is the main form of communication today, is out there for anyone to see. Now, you need to be very careful of what you say because anyone may know. This wouldn't happen before since communication was entirely physical. Although we can easily communicate today, we face the risks associated with sharing our thoughts through the internet.

Evaluating Websites

You can tell if a website is credible if it is a well known source, if it is a source from an official such as the government or education and even the last edit. Old information is no longer valid anymore. The source should also seem credible from given effort. Would you trust a site that appears to be poorly created?

How to evaluate a website?

• Does the website have references
• Links to sources
• .edu, .com, .org
• Satisfying appearance 
• Up to date
• Ease of navigation (intuitive)

Link to Spreadsheet: Rubric

Internet Scavenger Hunt

I use the internet to learn and find out information, socialize and to do schoolwork. The internet can be used for a variety of things, a majority of things done in modern day by humans consist of the usage of the internet.

1. Mayor- Typed in "De Blasio" into Google
2. Bronx Bus Map- Google "Bronx Bus Map" and found PDF
3. EBA Pinned Map- Google Maps,  typed EBA
4. McDonald's- Google "McDonald's NYC Application"
5. Bronx Historical Site- Google images "Edgar Poe House Bronx"
6. Bronx Music Event- Google "Upcoming Events Bronx", found NYC Park website
7.  bronx-leb.org phone number- (718) 590-1800 - (Google Maps "EBA" and zoom out)
8. 42 Precinct - Google "EBA police", found school on NYC website and found precinct. Then Google "42 precinct"
   
9. BCC Computer Science - Google "BCC Computer Science"
   
10. Voting Regsitration - Google "Voting Registration NYC"

Other Resources I could have used include: people, books, other social media and websites themselves. A majority was completed using Google. This is because it provides the easiest and less time consuming route compared to other methods.

Web 2.0 Tool Project

Browser based tools that I have used include Google Drive/Docs, Google Maps, G-mail and even the Google Play Store. These web tools are all located in the Google Chrome browser. In my opinion, having all of these tools in my favorite browser gives me the ability to have a seamless experience when being productive. The experience is what counts and to be able to get my work done with ease is very helpful and innovative.

Presentation Reflection

What went well in my presentation was the overall layout and information that was provided in my slide show. I was able to speak about the many components that computers have, as well as the pros and cons of having or not having a certain computer. We were able to to play the roles of the consumer and the salesman quite well. Also, my group's presentation met if not all, most of all the requirements while even going above and beyond by providing an exciting viewing experience to the audience. However, things were not always peachy. While me and my group did give an excellent presentation, we did not go entirely in-depth on computer details or give a professional feel to the audience. There were many giggles and side comments coming from the presenters, therefore not showing the viewers that the project was not taken completely serious or giving an unprofessional impression which will reflect on us, negatively. As for preparation, I felt pretty prepared. I believe although I knew what to say or not say, I could have taken additional time to practice and increase my background knowledge on the topic. This will give me the ability to give the audience a more informative and interesting experience. All in all, I should practice a bit more next time!

Computer Buying Link

https://docs.google.com/a/eastbronxacademy.org/presentation/d/1YDI7bw1-RCg1pqnvEPgRsBfa678vtc97INKohz2sI0Y/edit#slide=id.p

Computers and Computing

There are 34 computers in the classroom.
What are computers?: Anything that can think and respond. Thus can include phones, televisions, brains and air conditioners.

What are NOT computers?: Anything that cannot do these things. This includes glasses, the floor, air and shoes.

Computing: Computing is mostly the process of detecting viruses and installing software.

What is computing/computers?: Computers are anything that can process information internally. Computing is the process of sharing or recording information.

Why Study Computer Science

Brain Starter:
The one person who I would anything for if they asked me is my mother.


Barack Obama spoke about how it is important to know and learn about computer science, as it could help lead the future and create new opportunities for others as well yourself.

Three reasons NOT to study computer science.
1) It requires a lot for thinking and concentration.
2) It may be boring for some people.
3) Computer science can cause some people to get angry.

Three reasons to DO computer science:
1) It can bring opportunities to the world
2) Computer science is something that not enough people know.
3) It is related to almost everything in everyone's daily life in modern day.

My Introduction

Hello, I'm Travis Rosario. I am in ECS class and am inducting myself to you guys. I am curious to see what this class has in store for me this year, I may be able to learn a lot from my teacher. I find technology interesting and will find any new tips and tricks for using computers very useful for everyday life. I am able to even carry these newly acquired skills to a career and apply them to future situations. Hopefully what I have in mind will be happen and I'll be happy.